Dimmable COB LED Downlight Round Swivel

• Light Source: LED surface light source,COB (Chip-on-Board) design
• Body Material: Aluminum.
• Radiator Temp:< 55 degree.
• Radiator Caft : 6063 aluminum cold forging.
• Environment-friendly and no UV or IR radiation.
• No dazzling and mild color with light bending effect.
• Long lifespan, low cost of maintenance.
• Transformer is at the COB LED Downlight directly attached, including a terminal block for power line .
• Easy to install and maintain, and normal base type E can be matched.
• Easy to install and maintain, replacement of traditional bulbs and no subsidiary fixture.
• Available for Switch controll (dimmable) or Non dimmable types.
• Swivel range : 30 °

COB LED Downligh Speciality : Compatible with most SCR dimmer,integration of controlling several light available,no flicker

COB Dimmable LED Downlight Round Swivel ( option of dimmable or not-dimmable )
Nominal voltage(product)	Ac85 - 265V
Operating frequency	50 - 60 Hz
Lifespan	30,000 H
Radiator temp :	< 55°C
Power factor :	> 0.9
Casing material	Radiator temp : 6063 aluminum cold forging Body material:aluminum
Style No#	AL-CCL03	AL-CCL05
Wattage	3w	5w
Luminous flux	Warm white : > 180 Lm Cool white : > 210 Lm Nature white : > 240 Lm	Warm white : > 300 Lm Cool white : > 350 Lm Nature white : > 400 Lm
Luminous efficacy	Warm white : 60 Lm/w Cool white : 70 Lm/w Nature white : 80 Lm/w
Color temperature	Warm white : 3000 K Cool white : 4000 K Nature white : 6400 K
Color rendering index Ra	Warm white : > 80 Ra Cool white : > 75 Ra Nature white : > 75 Ra
Light color	Warm white Cool white Nature white
Dimensions :	Depth :66.5 mm Outer diameter : Φ: 85 mm Diameter : Φ: 75 mm
COB LED Downlight Round Swivel Dimensions images
Packging unit	Contains 50 Piece
Dimensions in H × W × L	210 mm × 480 mm × 480 mm
Gross weight	14.5 Kg
Volume	48.384 Cubic dec

This discreet Downligh ter with minimal design is the ideal solution for the lighting requirements of hotels, retail and fitness areas and spaces that require exact light from compact fittings that are easy to install and maintain.
Available in two versions - fixed and adjustable - Pinhole can be installed in false ceilings with thickness from 1 to 20 mm with stainless steel springs. The front ring contains an accessory-holding ring.

Dimmable LED downlights are used widely for general ambient lighting in:

Home /office lighting,display case lighting
Under cabinet lighting
Art lighting

COB Dimmable LED Downlight

• Light Source: LED surface light source,COB (Chip-on-Board) design
• Body Material: Aluminum.
• Radiator Temp:< 55 degree.
• Radiator Caft : 6063 aluminum cold forging.
• Environment-friendly and no UV or IR radiation.
• No dazzling and mild color with light bending effect.
• Long lifespan, low cost of maintenance.
• Transformer is at the COB LED Downlight directly attached, including a terminal block for power line .
• Easy to install and maintain, and normal base type E can be matched.
• Easy to install and maintain, replacement of traditional bulbs and no subsidiary fixture.
• Available for Switch controll (dimmable) or Non dimmable types.
• Swivel range : 30 °

COB LED Downlight Speciality : Compatible with most SCR dimmer,integration of controlling several light available,no flicker

COB Dimmable LED Downlight ( option of dimmable or not-dimmable )
Nominal voltage(product)	Ac85 - 265V
Operating frequency	50 - 60 Hz
Lifespan	30,000 H
Radiator temp :	< 55°C
Power factor :	> 0.9
Casing material	Radiator temp : 6063 aluminum cold forging Body material:aluminum
Style No#	AL-CD03	AL-CD05	AL-CD07	AL-CD10	AL-CD15
Wattage	3w	5w	7w	10w	15w
Luminous flux	Warm white : > 180 Lm Cool white : > 210 Lm Nature white : > 240 Lm	Warm white : > 300 Lm Cool white : > 350 Lm Nature white : > 400 Lm	Warm white : > 420 Lm Cool white : > 490 Lm Nature white : > 560 Lm	Warm white : > 600 Lm Cool white : > 700 Lm Nature white : > 800 Lm	Warm white : > 900 Lm Cool white : > 1050 Lm Nature white : > 1200 Lm
Luminous efficacy	Warm white : 60 Lm/w Cool white : 70 Lm/w Nature white : 80 Lm/w
Color temperature	Warm white : 3000 K Cool white : 4000 K Nature white : 6400 K
Color rendering index Ra	Warm white : > 80 Ra Cool white : > 75 Ra Nature white : > 75 Ra
Light color	Warm white Cool white Nature white
Dimensions :	Depth :90 mm Outer diameter : Φ: 101.5 mm Diameter : Φ: 75 mm	Depth :102.5 mm Outer diameter : Φ: 112 mm diameter : Φ: 85 mm	Depth :102.5 mm Outer diameter : Φ: 112 mm diameter : Φ: 85 mm	Depth :110 mm Outer diameter : Φ: 143 mm diameter : Φ: 105 mm	Depth :110 mm Outer diameter : Φ: 143 mm diameter : Φ: 105 mm
Dimensions images ( 3w 5w )		Dimensions images ( 5w 7w )		Dimensions images ( 10w 15w )
Packging unit	Contains 16 Piece
Dimensions in H × W × L	280 mm × 320 mm × 620 mm
Gross weight	6.72 Kg
Volume	55.552 Cubic dec

This discreet Downligh ter with minimal design is the ideal solution for the lighting requirements of hotels, retail and fitness areas and spaces that require exact light from compact fittings that are easy to install and maintain.
Available in two versions - fixed and adjustable - Pinhole can be installed in false ceilings with thickness from 1 to 20 mm with stainless steel springs. The front ring contains an accessory-holding ring.

Dimmable LED downlights are used widely for general ambient lighting in:

Home /office lighting,display case lighting
Under cabinet lighting
Art lighting

LED DownLight Manufacturers COB Technology - Features & benefits

• Environment Friendly : LED backlighting eliminates the traces of mercury found in cold-cathode fluorescent lamps, thus meeting mandates for the reduction of hazardous substances. RoHS compliant product, No Cadmium, Lead, or Mercury. Unlike fluorescent, there are no concerns over disposal.
• High Energy Efficient: Only 20% power consumption of halogen lamp and incandescent lamp.
• Low Heat Generation : Excellent heat dissipation design,surface temperature is lower 58°C, Junction temperature lower than 102°C.
• Natural Light : Superior colour rendering over other LED sources due to unique PLF technology; High pupil lumen factor.
• Ergonomic Light : No EMI, ballast noise, UV or glare. Non-flickering light reduces eye strain, headaches and other workplace complaints associated with fluorescent lighting. Remote controlled dimming and (on E models only) colour temperature adjustment to suit changing activities and moods.
• High Uniformity : The backlight unit demonstrates a brightness uniformity of more than 85 percent and a color uniformity (Δu'v') of less than 0.007 in CIE1976 LUV color space. The results are equivalent to the performance of a compact fluorescent light source.

LED Downlight Using A Surface Light Emitting ( Chip On Board ) COB LEDs

Dimmable COB LED Downlight

• Wattage : 3W / 5W / 7W / 10W / 15W
• Color temperature : 3000K / 4000K / 6400K
• Luminous flux(3W) : 180LM / 210LM / 240LM
• Luminous flux(5W) : 300LM / 350LM / 400LM
• Luminous flux(7W) : 420LM / 490LM / 560LM
• Luminous flux(10W) : 600LM / 700LM / 800LM
• Luminous flux(15W) : 900LM / 1050LM / 1200LM
• Round COB LED Downlight : Available for switch controll (dimmable) or Non dimmable types.

COB LED Downlight Round Swivel

• Swivel range: 30 °
• Wattage : 3W / 5W
• Color temperature : 3000K / 4000K / 6400K
• Luminous flux(3W) : 180LM / 210LM / 240LM
• Luminous flux(5W) : 300LM / 350LM / 400LM
• Round Swivel COB LED Downlight : Available for switch controll (dimmable) or Non dimmable types.

COB LED Downlight Rotatable LED Ceiling Lamp

• Swivel range: 30 °
• Wattage : 3 × 3W / 3 × 5W
• Color temperature : 3000K / 4000K / 6400K
• Luminous flux(3W) : 540LM / 630LM / 720LM
• Luminous flux(5W) : 900LM / 1050LM / 1200LM
• Dimmable COB LED Downlight Rotatable LED Ceiling Lamp : Available for switch controll (dimmable) or Non dimmable types.

Luminance ( Photometric Brightness )

The light that we actually see, brightness can be measured as the light leaving a lamp, or the light reflecting from an object's surface. It is measured in footlamberts (English) or candelas/square meter (metric).

Brightness can be used for a variety of purposes, from producing a sense of drama to creating sparkle and glitter elements in a space. The brighter a task is, the easier it is to see and the lower the amount of light that is required. Too little brightness decreases contrast and calls for a higher light level. But if not properly controlled, high brightness can produce levels of glare that either impair or prevent a desired task being performed. Glare can be described as direct or reflected glare, which can then result in discomfort or disability.

Direct glare comes straight from the light source. Reflected glare shows up on the task itself, such as a computer screen. Discomfort glare does not prevent seeing makes it uncomfortable. Disability glare prevents vision--a popular example is holding a glossy magazine at a certain angle; a veiling reflection results, impairing our reading of the page.

Strategies for Reducing Unwanted Glare

Strategies commonly employed to reduce unwanted levels of glare include:

• Indirect lighting that throws more light upward than downward, diffusing the light and reducing glare on computer screens
• Parabolic louvers, special lenses or other diffusing media on fixtures that diffuse the fixture's light output
• In an office, it may be possible to de-emphasize the ambient lighting system with reduced light output and diffusing media, while providing adjustable task fixtures at workstations
• Relocating the light source
• Relocating the task or changing its orientation until the glare is removed
• Changing the surface reflectance of the task
• Use blinds or shades on windows to control the amount or transmittance angle of sunlight entering the space

Visual Comfort Probability

Visual comfort probability (VCP) is a rating on a scale of 0-100 given to indoor fixtures (in a uniform system with identical fixtures) to indicate how well accepted they are likely to be by the area's occupants. A VCP rating of 75, for example, indicates that 75% of the occupants in the poorest location would not be bothered by direct glare. Generally, office environments require that fixtures have a VCP rating of 70 or more, although this figure has been revised by some in recent years to 80 or more for environments where visual-task computers are used. The VCP rating for a given fixture can be found in its photometric test report. Generally, again, the higher the VCP rating, the lower the fixture's efficiency at transmitting light to the task.


Shielding Media Characteristics for Fluorescent 2x4 Recessed Troffer Fixtures:

Shielding Medium	Fixture Efficiency	VCP Rating
Clear Prismatic Lens	60-75%	50-70
Low-Glare Clear Lens	60-75%	75-85
Deep-Cell Parabolic Louver	50-70%	75-95
Translucent Diffuser	40-60%	40-50
Small-Cell Parabolic Louver	35-45%	99

Brightness Ratios

Brightness ratios in a space can affect how it is perceived. While high ratios of bright to dark in the space can produce contrast or a sense of drama, it can also be visually fatiguing during transient adaptation, which describes the eye adapting to changes in brightness. This can reduce productivity and can even be hazardous. The right approach is determined by the application; the IESNA has recommended brightness ratios for a wide range of environments.

Uniformity

Uniform light and brightness levels across a space can be desirable but may also be boring; in such cases, sparkle elements, color and/or other methods can be employed to create visual interest without causing fatigue.

How to install led light tube t8 t10 retrofit tubes

Step 1. Unpack the product:

• Unpack and carefully examine the product from top to bottom.
• Report any damage and save all packing materials, if any part was damaged during transport.
• Do not attempt to use this product, if it is damaged.

Step 2. Planning the installation:

• This device installation requires planning to ensure
• successful installation with minimal complications and down time.

Step 3. User responsibilities:

• It is the responsibility of the contractor, installer, purchaser,
• owner, and user to install, maintain, and operate the device in such a manner as to comply with
• all state and local laws, ordinances, and regulations.

Step 4. Product installation steps:

• Disconnect power to fixture at source. DO NOT SIMPLY SWITCH OFF FIXTURE
• Remove existing fluorescent tubes and safely set aside.
• Disconnect (cut) wires to ballast leaving enough wire to be tied off with wire nuts.
• Tie-off remaining wires attached to ballast with wire nuts.
• See wiring diagram shown on reverse for your type lamp fixture (i.e., 1-bulb, 2-bulb, 4-bulb and etc.) and re-wire fixture.
• Install Aladdin LED Retrofit Tube(s) into fixture.
• Affix included warning labels to fixtures near lamp connection/sockets of fixture so they are visible to bulb installers.
• Re-connect power supply and turn on switch. Tube will light.

Risk of fire or electric shock. Install the LEDaladdin T8 T10 retrofit LED tube(s) only in luminaires that have the construction features and dimensions shown in the photographs and/or drawings shown on reverse of this sheet.

Caution:

• Please read and follow these instructions before installation.
• Install the tube by qualified electrician and technican.
• Consult the competent electrician if you have any uncertainty about the installation or the use of the product.
• Do not impact the tube and all its components by any external weight or mechanical force.
• Do not use harp tools near or on the surace of the tube.
• Hands must be dry during installation.
• Switch off the power before installation.
• Make sure the base is mounted on a stable. even and secure surface.
• Beware of electic shock when replacing tube.
• Use or store the tubes in dry places. if the tube are used for outdoor application. waterproof holders and covers are needed.
• Replace the tube immediately if you find any leakage or damage on the tube.
• Stop use and replace if the product becomes dim,out of order or begins to blink.
• Of failure occurs do not attempt to repair product.
• This is not a dimmable product . do not use with dimmers.

Warning

• NOTE: This user guide is intended to be used as a reference only. Installation should be done by a fully qualified
• electrician or technician. This document should never be considered as a substitute for any provision of a regulation or
• state and/or local code. Please read the entire user guide to fully understand and safely use this product.

LED Light Tube T8 T10 Installation:

1/. Without Ballast and starter

• Directly connect the wires as shown in diagram I. join either A or B, or A & B together with the "Live" wire. join either C or D, or C & D together with the "Neutral" wire.
• Install the t8 LED tube on the bracket.

2/. With Electronic Ballast

• Take off the fluorescent tube.
• Cut the wire as shown on the dotted line of the diagram(2b).
• Bypass the ballast and remove the starter (if any) within the bracket.
• Reconnect the wires sa shown. join either A or B, or A & B together with the "Live" wire. join either C or D, or C & D together with the "Neutral" wire.
• Install the T8 LED Tube on the Bracket.

LED TUBE T8 RETRORIT WIRING INSTRUCTION DIAGRAMS

(See detailed written instuctions reverse side)

BEFORE INSTALLATION:

ARTER NEW INSTALLATION:

LED Tube Light T5 Installation

• Disconnect the power before installation to ensure that outside.
• The installation as shown below: install two clips, T5 Fixture clamping directly on the clip connecting T5 Fixture.
• Plug the power cord can be connected to electricity.
• To replace the lamp, the lamp will be rotated 90° to take off or install up, pay attention to T5 lamp, the negative electrode must correspond to Support the positive and negative.

Window Covering Design

The selection of blinds, window coverings, or the lack thereof is likely the most crucial choice a designer will make when seeking to ensure visual comfort while maintaining daylight performance over time. We have all seen buildings where blinds are down continuously. Typically, this is associated with visual discomfort (glare). The most common source of glare issues in daylighting is a line of sight to the disk of the sun. Selecting a window covering that is opaque enough to block the sun, such as fabric window shades with 3% or less openness or horizontal blinds, can control this phenomena.

Manually operated blind systems can be very effective if properly used. More specifically, a 2" horizontal blind with a white finish can function as a series of mini light shelves casting indirect light into the space when desired. However, they rely on and require constant user attention to maintain complete glare control while achieving maximum daylight performance. For this reason, blinds or shades are often permanently deployed at the ¡°worst case scenario¡± position to maintain visual comfort throughout the day and year. This typically results in poor daylight performance and the elimination of views to the exterior.

Automated glare control has the distinct advantage of being deployed only when needed and retracting without user intervention when direct sunlight is no longer present to allow for unimpeded diffuse daylight. In most cases, this will deliver longer periods of effective daylight contribution, increased electric lighting power savings, and longer durations of unobstructed views to the exterior. Automation of glare control may provide the most persistent daylight performance where low angle direct sun is present during extended periods of occupancy.

< Direct sunlight can cause visual discomfort. Shutting the blinds here would eliminate the benefit of the daylight.




Example of split window covering strategy to preserve views or block sun where needed, allowing for indirect light into space. >

Shading and Exposure Tips:

• North - Shading may only be needed in early morning or late afternoon.
• South - Good access to strong illumination but varies throughout the year. Shading is easier than East/West.
• East/West - Shading is difficult but critical for comfort.

(Chip-on-Board) COB LED Spotlight E14

• Light Source: LED surface light source,COB (Chip-on-Board) design
• Body Material: Aluminum.
• Radiator Temp:< 50 degree.
• Radiator Caft : Die-casting aluminum case - toughened glass lens
• Environment-friendly and no UV or IR radiation.
• No dazzling and mild color with light bending effect.
• Long lifespan, low cost of maintenance.
• Transformer is at the COB LED Spotlight directly attached, including a terminal block for power line .
• Easy to install and maintain, and normal base type E can be matched.
• Easy to install and maintain, replacement of traditional bulbs and no subsidiary fixture.

COB LED Spotlight : Excellent durability and stanbility at high temperature.

( Chip-on-Board ) COB LED Spotlight E14 3W
wattage	3 w
Base type	E14
Base angle	120 degree
Nominal voltage(product)	Ac85 - 260V
Operating frequency	47 - 63 Hz
Lifespan	30,000 H
Radiator temp :	< 50°C
Power factor :	> 0.9
Casing material	6063 aluminum cold forging
Style No#	AL-SPTV-E14-3W
Luminous flux	( 3,000 K ) 180 Lm ( 4,000 K ) 210Lm ( 6,400 K ) 240LM
Luminous efficacy	( 3,000 K ) 60Lm/W ( 4,000 K ) 70Lm/W ( 6,400 K ) 80LM/W
Color temperature	Warm white : 3000 K Nature white : 4000 K Daylight white : 6400 K
Color rendering index Ra	(3,000K) > 80 Ra (4,000K) > 75 Ra (6,400K) > 75 Ra
Light color	Warm white Nature white Daylight white
Dimensions : Φ: × H:	Φ 50.6mm: × H: 86mm
Dimensions images:
Packging unit	Contains 100 Piece
Dimensions in H × W × L	210mm × 280mm × 570mm
Gross weight	11.8 Kg
Volume	33.516 Cubic dec

This discreet COB LED Spotlight with minimal design is the ideal solution for the lighting requirements of hotels, retail and fitness areas and spaces that require exact light from compact fittings that are easy to install and maintain.

COB LED Spotlight are used widely for general ambient lighting in:

Replacement bulbs for traditional halogen lamps, especially for museums, art galleries, cosmetic,where UV or IR radiation is undesirable.
Suitable for products range of hotel, bar, SPA, hardware store, lighting store, exhibition booth,supermarket, electronic store, show room, and internet shop.

(Chip-on-Board) COB LED Spotlight GU10

• Light Source: LED surface light source,COB (Chip-on-Board) design
• Body Material: Aluminum.
• Radiator Temp:< 50 degree.
• Radiator Caft : Die-casting aluminum case - toughened glass lens
• Environment-friendly and no UV or IR radiation.
• No dazzling and mild color with light bending effect.
• Long lifespan, low cost of maintenance.
• Transformer is at the COB LED Spotlight directly attached, including a terminal block for power line .
• Easy to install and maintain, and normal base type E can be matched.
• Easy to install and maintain, replacement of traditional bulbs and no subsidiary fixture.

COB LED Spotlight : Excellent durability and stanbility at high temperature.

( Chip-on-Board ) COB LED Spotlight GU10 3W
wattage	3 w
Base type	GU10
Base angle	120 degree
Nominal voltage(product)	Ac85 - 260V
Operating frequency	47 - 63 Hz
Lifespan	30,000 H
Radiator temp :	< 50°C
Power factor :	> 0.9
Casing material	6063 aluminum cold forging
Style No#	AL-SPTV-GU10-3W
Luminous flux	( 3,000 K ) 180 Lm ( 4,000 K ) 210Lm ( 6,400 K ) 240LM
Luminous efficacy	( 3,000 K ) 60Lm/W ( 4,000 K ) 70Lm/W ( 6,400 K ) 80LM/W
Color temperature	Warm white : 3000 K Nature white : 4000 K Daylight white : 6400 K
Color rendering index Ra	(3,000K) > 80 Ra (4,000K) > 75 Ra (6,400K) > 75 Ra
Light color	Warm white Nature white Daylight white
Dimensions : Φ: × H:	Φ 50mm: × H: 70mm
Dimensions images:
Packging unit	Contains 100 Piece
Dimensions in H × W × L	210mm × 280mm × 570mm
Gross weight	11.8 Kg
Volume	33.516 Cubic dec

This discreet COB LED Spotlight with minimal design is the ideal solution for the lighting requirements of hotels, retail and fitness areas and spaces that require exact light from compact fittings that are easy to install and maintain.

COB LED Spotlight are used widely for general ambient lighting in:

Replacement bulbs for traditional halogen lamps, especially for museums, art galleries, cosmetic,where UV or IR radiation is undesirable.
Suitable for products range of hotel, bar, SPA, hardware store, lighting store, exhibition booth,supermarket, electronic store, show room, and internet shop.

(Chip-on-Board) MR16 COB LED Spotlight 3W

COB LED Spotlight : Excellent durability and stanbility at high temperature.

• Light Source: LED surface light source,COB (Chip-on-Board) design
• Body Material: Aluminum.
• Radiator Temp:< 50 degree.
• Radiator Caft : Die-casting aluminum case - toughened glass lens
• Environment-friendly and no UV or IR radiation.
• No dazzling and mild color with light bending effect.
• Long lifespan, low cost of maintenance.
• Transformer is at the COB LED Spotlight directly attached, including a terminal block for power line .
• Easy to install and maintain, and normal base type E can be matched.
• Easy to install and maintain, replacement of traditional bulbs and no subsidiary fixture.

( Chip-on-Board ) COB MR16 LED Spotlight 3W
wattage	3 w
Base type	mr16
Base angle	120 degree
Nominal voltage(product)	Ac110 - 260V
Operating frequency	47 - 63 Hz
Lifespan	30,000 H
Radiator temp :	< 50°C
Power factor :	> 0.9
Casing material	6063 aluminum cold forging
Style No#	AL-SPTV-MR16-3W
Luminous flux	( 3,000 K ) 180 Lm ( 4,000 K ) 210Lm ( 6,400 K ) 240LM
Luminous efficacy	( 3,000 K ) 60Lm/W ( 4,000 K ) 70Lm/W ( 6,400 K ) 80LM/W
Color temperature	Warm white : 3000 K Nature white : 4000 K Daylight white : 6400 K
Color rendering index Ra	(3,000K) > 80 Ra (4,000K) > 75 Ra (6,400K) > 75 Ra
Light color	Warm white Nature white Daylight white
Dimensions : Φ: × H:	Φ 50mm: × H: 61.9mm
Dimensions images:
Packging unit	Contains 100 Piece
Dimensions in H × W × L	210mm × 280mm × 570mm
Gross weight	11.8 Kg
Volume	33.516 Cubic dec

This discreet MR16 COB LED Spotlight with minimal design is the ideal solution for the lighting requirements of hotels, retail and fitness areas and spaces that require exact light from compact fittings that are easy to install and maintain.

COB LED Spotlight MR16 are used widely for general ambient lighting in:

Replacement bulbs for traditional halogen lamps, especially for museums, art galleries, cosmetic,where UV or IR radiation is undesirable.
Suitable for products range of hotel, bar, SPA, hardware store, lighting store, exhibition booth,supermarket, electronic store, show room, and internet shop.

LED Light Guide Formulas

Demand for Power (kW) =System Input Wattage (W) ÷ 1,000
Energy Consumption (kWh) = System Input Wattage (kW) x Hours of Operation/Year
Hours of Operation/Year = Operating Hours/Day x Operating Days/Week x Operating Weeks/Year
Lighting System Efficacy (Lumens per Watt or LPW) = System Lumen Output ÷ Input Wattage
Unit Power Density (W/sq.ft.) = Total System Input Wattage (W) ÷ Total Area (Square Feet)
Watts (W) = Volts (V) x Current in Amperes (A) x Power Factor (PF)
Voltage (V) = Current in Amperes (A) x Impedance (Ohms) [Ohm's Law]

ECONOMIC FORMULAS
Simple Payback on an Investment (Years) = Net Installation Cost ($) ÷ Annual Energy Savings ($)
5-Year Cash Flow ($) = 5 Years - Payback (Years) x Annual Energy Savings ($)
Simple Return on Investment (%) = [Annual Energy Savings ($) ÷ Net Installation Cost ($)] x 100

DESIGN FORMULAS
Footcandles & Lumens
Footcandles (fc) = Total Lumens (lm) ÷ Area in Square Feet
1 Lux (lx) = 1 Footcandle (fc) x 10.76
Lux = Total Lumens ÷ Area in Square Meters

Calculating Light Level at a Point
For planes perpendicular to the direction of candlepower (Inverse Square Law):
Footcandles (fc) = I ÷ D²

I = Candlepower in candelas (cd) D = Direct distance between the lamp and the point where light level is calculated

Many workplanes are not perpendicular to the direction of light intensity, which is why calculating light level at a point is useful for such applications. In these cases, we often must determine light levels on workplanes that are not horizontal and perpendicular but tilted or even vertical. For tilted-horizontal or vertical planes:
Horizontal Footcandles (fc_h) = (I ÷ D²) x H
Vertical Footcandles (fc_v) = (I ÷ D²) x L

I = Candlepower in candelas (cd) D = Direct distance between the lamp and the point where light level is calculated
H = Distance between the lamp and the point direct below on the workplane
L = Distance between that point and the point where light level is being calculated
D = Square Root of (H² + L²) or D² = H² + L²

Calculating Average Light Level Throughout a Space (three formulas)

Average Maintained Illumination (Footcandles) = (Lamps/Fixture x Lumens/Lamp x No. of Fixtures x Coefficient of Utilization x Light Loss Factor) ÷ Area in Square Feet Average Maintained Illumination (Footcandles) = (Total Lamps x Lumens/Lamp x Coefficient of Utilization x Light Loss Factor) ÷ Area in Square Feet
Average Maintained Illumination (Footcandles) = (Lamps in One Fixture x Lumens/Lamp x Coefficient of Utilization x Light Loss Factor) ÷ Area in Square Feet/Fixture

Lumen Method
Required Light Output/Fixture (Lumens) = (Maintained Illumination in Footcandles x Area in Square Feet) ÷ (Number of Fixtures x Coefficient of Utilization x Ballast Factor x Light Loss Factor)

Light Loss Factors (more on Light Loss)
Light Loss Factor (LLF) = Ballast Factor x Fixture Ambient Temperature Factor x Supply Voltage Variation Factor x Lamp Position Factor x Optical Factor x Fixture Surface Depreciation Factor x Lamp Burnouts Factor x Lamp Lumen Depreciation Factor x Fixture Dirt Depreciation Factor x Room Surface Dirt Depreciation Factor
Lamp Burnout Factor = 1 - Percentage of Lamps Allowed to Fail Without Being Replaced

Zonal Cavity Method (determining cavity ratios)

Room Cavity Ratio (for regular rooms shaped like a square or rectangle) = [5 x Room Cavity Depth x (Room Length + Room Width)] ÷ (Room Length x Room Width) Room Cavity Ratio (for irregular-shaped rooms) = (2.5 x Room Cavity Depth x Perimeter) ÷ Area in Square Feet
Ceiling Cavity Ratio = [5 x Ceiling Cavity Depth x (Room Length x Room Width)] ÷ (Room Length x Room Width)
Floor Cavity Ratio = [5 x Floor Cavity Depth x (Room Length x Room Width)] ÷ Room Length x Room Width

Room surface reflectances can be predicted in a new design or measured in an existing facility. If existing facility:

Room Surface Reflectance (%) = Reflected Reading ÷ Incident Reading Reflected Reading = Measurement from a light meter holding it about 1.5 feet away from the surface with the sensor parallel and facing the surface.
Incident Reading = Measurement from a light meter held flat against the surface and facing out into the room.

Calculating Number of Lamps And Fixtures And Spacing
Required No. of Fixtures = (Lumens/Lamp x No. of Lamps x Coefficient of Utilization x Light Loss Factor x Area in Square Feet) ÷ (Lumens/Lamp x Lamps/Fixture x Coefficient of Utilization x Light Loss Factor)
Required Lamps = Required Lumens ÷ Initial Lumens/Lamp
Maximum Allowable Spacing Between Fixtures= Fixture Spacing Criteria x Mounting Height

Fixture Spacing Criteria: See the manufacturer's literature Mounting height: Distance in feet between the bottom of the fixture and the workplane

Spacing Between Fixtures = Square Root of (Area in Square Feet ÷ Required No. of Fixtures)
Number of Fixtures to be Placed in Each Row (N_row) = Room Length ÷ Spacing
Number of Fixtures to be Placed in Each Column (N_column) = Room Width ÷ Spacing

For the above two formulas, round results to the nearest whole integer.

Spacingrow = Room Length ÷ (Number of Fixtures/Row - 1/3)
Spacingcolumn = Room Width ÷ (Number of Fixtures/Column -1/3)

If the resulting number of fixtures does not equal the originally calculated number, calculate impact on the designed light level:
% Design Light Level = Actual No. of Fixtures ÷ Originally Calculated No. of Fixtures

To calculate fixtures mounted in continuous rows:
Number of Luminaires in a Continuous Row = (Room Length ÷ Fixture Length) - 1
Number of Continuous Rows = Total Number of Fixtures ÷ Fixtures Per Row

MAINTENANCE
Lamp Life
Calendar Lamp Life (Years) = Rated Lamp Life (Hours) ÷ Annual Hours of Operation (Hours/Year)

Lamp Burnout Factor
Lamp Burnout Factor = 1 - Percentage of Lamps Allowed to Fail Without Being Replaced

Group Relamping Cost
Annualized Cost ($) = A x (B + C)
A = Operating Hours/Year ÷ Operating Hours Between Relampings
B = (Percentage of Lamps Failing Before Group Relamping x Number of Lamps) x (Lamp Cost + Labor Cost to Spot Replace 1 Lamp)
C = (Lamp Cost, Group Relamping + Labor Cost to Group Relamp 1 Lamp) x Number of Lamps

Spot Relamping Cost
Average Annual Cost ($) = (Operating Hours/Year ÷ Rated Lamp Life) x (Lamp Cost + Labor Cost to Replace 1 Lamp) x Total Number of Lamps

Cleaning Cost
Cleaning Cost ($) = Time to Wash 1 Fixture (Hours) x Hourly Labor Rate ($) x Number of Fixtures in Lighted Space

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Average Reduced Air Pollution (lbs. Carbon Dioxide) = Energy Savings (kWh) x 1.6 lbs.
Average Reduced Air Pollution (g. Sulphur Dioxide) = Energy Savings (kWh) x 5.3 g.
Average Reduced Air Pollution (g. Nitrogen Oxides) = Energy Savings (kWh) x 2.8 g.
Pounds = Grams ÷ 454
Tons = Pounds ÷ 2,000

LED Spotlight Manufacturers (Chip On Board) COB LEDs Technology

• (Chip On Board) COB Technology provides the greatest benefits for producing homogeneous light effects and high luminous densities.
• No UV or IR in the spectrum.
• No Dazzling and mild color with light bending effect.
• Energy-saving, Environment friendly, and only 20% power consumption of halogen lamp and incandescent lamp.
• Aluminum-alloy lamp housing for superior heat dissipation.
• Particularly designed constant current driver for open or short circuit protection.

LED Spotlight using a surface light emitting Chip On Board (COB) LEDs .

COB LED Spotlight MR16 3W

• Nominal Wattage : 3 W
• Radiator Temp: < 50 °C
• Dimensions: L: 62 mm × Φ: 50 mm
• Luminous Flux : 180LM / 210LM / 240LM
• Color Temperature : 3000K / 4000K / 6400K
• LED Spotlight Using A Surface Light Emitting ( Chip On Board ) COB LEDs

COB MR16 LED Spotlight 3W

• Nominal Wattage : 3 W
• Radiator Temp: < 50 °C
• Dimensions: L: 60 mm × Φ: 50 mm
• Luminous Flux : 180LM / 210LM / 240LM
• Color Temperature : 3000K / 4000K / 6400K
• LED Spotlight Using A Surface Light Emitting ( Chip On Board ) COB LEDs

COB LED Spotlight GU10 3W

• Nominal Wattage : 3 W
• Radiator Temp: < 50 °C
• Dimensions: L: 70 mm × Φ: 50 mm
• Luminous Flux : 180LM / 210LM / 240LM
• Color Temperature : 3000K / 4000K / 6400K
• LED Spotlight Using A Surface Light Emitting ( Chip On Board ) COB LEDs

COB GU10 LED Spotlight 3W

• Nominal Wattage : 3 W
• Radiator Temp: < 50 °C
• Dimensions: L: 68 mm × Φ: 50 mm
• Luminous Flux : 180LM / 210LM / 240LM
• Color Temperature : 3000K / 4000K / 6400K
• LED Spotlight Using A Surface Light Emitting ( Chip On Board ) COB LEDs

COB LED Spotlight E14 3W

• Nominal Wattage : 3 W
• Radiator Temp: < 50 °C
• Dimensions: L: 86 mm × Φ: 50 mm
• Luminous Flux : 180LM / 210LM / 240LM
• Color Temperature : 3000K / 4000K / 6400K
• LED Spotlight Using A Surface Light Emitting ( Chip On Board ) COB LEDs

COB E14 LED Spotlight 3W

• Nominal Wattage : 3 W
• Radiator Temp: < 50 °C
• Dimensions: L: 82 mm × Φ: 50 mm
• Luminous Flux : 180LM / 210LM / 240LM
• Color Temperature : 3000K / 4000K / 6400K
• LED Spotlight Using A Surface Light Emitting ( Chip On Board ) COB LEDs

Dimmable LED Light Bulb PY

• The "Dimmable LED Light Bulb PY" generates bright light measured at 600.8 lumens, while emitting no UV radiation (unlike CFLs) and virtually no heat (unlike both CFLs and incandescent bulbs).
• The "Dimmable LED Light Bulb PY" emits warm white light, corresponding to the Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) of 2,200 - 3,000K.
• Color Rendering Index (CRI) is the ability of a light bulb to show the colors of objects accurately on a scale of 1-100. The "Dimmable LED Light Bulb PY" CRI is >87.
• Unlike most CFLs that flicker and generate only partial light output for several seconds after being turned on, The "Dimmable LED Light Bulb PY" turns on instantly.

The perfect energy-efficient, eco-friendly and safe replacement Dimmable LED Light Bulb for indoor task and accent lighting.

Dimmable LED Light Bulb PY 8W
Item	Dimmable LED Light Bulb PY 8W
Style No#	AL-CPY-8W
Base(standard designation)	E27 / E26
Wattage	8w
Luminous efficacy	Cool white : > 72.39 Lm/w
Luminous flux	Cool white : > 600.8 Lm
Color temperature	Cool white : 2,200 K - 3,000 K
Color rendering index Ra	> 87 Ra
Casing material	PC + Airlines Die - Cast aluminum
Light color	Cool white
Nominal voltage(product)	Ac90 - 265V
Operating frequency	50 - 60 Hz
Dimensions: L × Φ	L: 107 mm × Φ: 70 mm
Lifespan	3,5000 H
Packging unit	Contains 100 Piece
Dimensions in H × W × L	335mm × 335mm × 500mm
Gross weight	12.5 Kg
Volume	56.1125 Cubic dec

LED Luminaire Design Process

1. Define Lighting Requirements

The design goals should be based either on an existing fixture¡¯s performance or on the application¡¯s lighting requirements.

2. Define design goals

♠ Specify design goals, which will be based on the application¡¯s lighting requirements.
♠ The designer should specify any other goals that will influence the design, such as special optical requirements or being able to withstand high temperatures.

3. Estimate efficiencies of the optical, thermal & electrical systems

♠ Design goals will place constraints on the optical, thermal and electrical systems.
♠ Good estimations of efficiencies of each system can be made based on these constraints.
♠ The combination of lighting goals and system effiiciencies will drive the number of LEDs needed in the luminaire.

4. Calculate the number of LEDs needed

Based on the design goals and estimated losses, the designer can calculate the number of LEDs needed to meet the design goals.

5. Consider all design possibilities and choose the best

♠ As with any design, there are many different ways to best achieve the design goals.
♠ LED lighting is still a new field, so assumptions that work for conventional lighting sources may not apply to LED lighting design.

6. Complete final steps

Complete circuit board layout.
♠ Test design choices by building a prototype luminaire.
♠ Make sure the design achieves all the design goals.
♠ Use the prototype design to further refine the luminaire design.
♠ Record observations and ideas for improvement.

Dimmable LED Bulb Manufacturers COB Technology - Features & benefits

• Smooth dimming 10% - 100%
• Warm, pleasant white light.
• Energy-efficient and eco-friendly.
• Lasts 25 times longer than incandescent bulbs
• Contains no mercury or lead.
• Emits no harmful UV radiation.
• Generates virtually no heat
• Turns on instantly, without flickering.

The perfect energy-efficient, eco-friendly and safe replacement LED light bulb for indoor task and accent lighting.

Description Safety Savings Light Quality Specifications The Dimmable led Light bulb casts warm white light, bright enough to be used for replacement of up to 80W compact fluorescent and incandescent light bulbs in directional lighting applications, such as task lights or accent lights to compliment ambient illumination.

Smooth Dimming 10% - 100% COB LED Bulb

• Wattage : 8 W
• Base: E26 / E27
• Luminous flux: 660.8 lm
• Color temperature: 2,200 - 3,000 K
• Dimmable Bulb LED Light : Using A Surface Light Emitting ( Chip On Board ) COB LEDs